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The influence of share of selected legumes and herbs on senzoric quality of conserved biomass
ŘÍHA, Patrik
The aim of this thesis was to evaluate the quality of preserved biomass in dependence on the composition of samples by sensory evaluation of individual quality indicators of grass silage. The silage of selected types of clovers, herbs was evaluated and compared with a sample of silage from maize. The main indicators included color, fragrance, moldy and rotting, consistency and the last point was counted the amount of dry matter in silage. These indicators were monitored on 33 samples of silage coming from the Vysočina Region and the Třebíč District. After the end of the preservation the indicators were scored and the points were added up. After adding the points, the individual samples were evaluated as successful or unsuccessful. Furthermore, the work focuses on the distribution of fodder in terms of carbohydrates and nitrogen substances, factors affecting forage quality, preservation of forage by silage, its processing technology and last but not least, the use of preservatives and their importance. Botanical images of selected meadows were also taken and the coverage of the evaluated species of clover and herbs as well as agrobotanical groups was determined.
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Vliv zavadání, kontaminace píce zeminou a použitých konzervantů na kvalitu a zdravotní bezpečnost siláží vojtěšky seté
Spáčilová, Kristýna
The aim of this diploma thesis was to evaluate the effects of wilting, soil contamination and use of silage additive on selected characteristics of green fodder and lucerne (Medicago sativa) silage. The plan material was obtained from the Research institute for Fodder Crops in Vatín. Unwilted fodder consisted in 24 % of dry matter content; wilted fodder consisted in 33 % of dry matter content. Selected samples were contaminated with soil at 30 g/kg of mass. Silage was in untreated variant (control) and two treated variants (either with biological additive or with chemical additive). Unwilted fodder had significantly (p<0,05) higher content of histamine and spermidine. Wilted fodder had a significantly (p<0,01) higher content of putrescine. In lucerne silage, factor of contamination had more significant (p<0,01) effect on ash content, and used silage additive had a statistically significant effect (p<0,05) on NDF content in silage. Significantly higher (p<0,01) content of clostridia was observed in silage from wilted fodder. The wilting factor had significantly higher effect (p<0,01) on content of ammonia, organic acids (LA, AA, PA, BA) and significant effect (p<0,05) on pH. Silage from wilted fodder was characterized by a higher pH, higher content of LA and lower content ammonia, AA, PA, BA. Contamination had significant effect (p<0,05) on increasing pH, reduction of LA and significant effect (p<0,01) on increased content of ammonia, AA, PA, BA. The silage additives significantly (p<0,05) decreased pH and significantly (p<0,01) decreased ammonia, PA, BA levels and increased LA, AA levels. The most abundant biogenic amines in silage were histamine (969 mg / kg), tyramine (800 mg / kg), putrescin (1754 mg / kg) and cadaverine (501 mg / kg). The biological additive used in the sufficiently wilted fodder works better to prevent the formation of biogenic amines and result in a more suitable fermentation profile.
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